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Leiomyosarcoma

Leiomyosarcoma: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Outlook.: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Outlook.

Disclaimer:
This blog is for informational purposes only and should not be taken as medical advice. Content is sourced from third parties, and we do not guarantee accuracy or accept any liability for its use. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for medical guidance.

What is Leiomyosarcoma?

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare, aggressive sarcoma from smooth muscle cells, affecting uterus (50%), GI tract, vessels, extremities. It’s high-grade, with metastasis to lungs/liver. In 2025, ~4,000 US cases, median age 50-60, more in women (uterine).

Symptoms

Symptoms include lump/pain at site, abdominal pain/bleeding (uterine), bowel obstruction (GI), swelling (extremity). Advanced causes fatigue, weight loss, breathlessness. Often asymptomatic early.

Causes

Causes include genetic mutations (TP53, RB1), radiation (5-10%), no strong hereditary link. Uterine LMS from fibroids (rare). In 2025, genomic instability is key.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis uses imaging (CT/MRI for mass), biopsy for histology (spindle cells), immunohistochemistry (SMA+, desmin+). Staging TNM. In 2025, NGS identifies subtypes.

Treatment

Surgery (wide resection) is primary. Adjuvant radiation for margins, chemo (doxorubicin, gemcitabine) for advanced. Targeted (trabectedin). In 2025, immunotherapy trials show 20% response.

Future Outlook

In 2025, 5-year survival is 50-60% localised, 15% metastatic. Surgery cures 60%. By 2030, targeted/immunotherapy could raise metastatic to 30%.

Sources

The information for leiomyosarcoma is sourced from Cleveland Clinic’s “Leiomyosarcoma: Symptoms, Treatment & Prognosis” for prognosis; Cancer Center’s “Leiomyosarcoma: Symptoms, Treatment and Prognosis” for treatment; Cancer Therapy Advisor’s “Leiomyosarcoma | Diagnosis & Disease Information” for diagnosis; WebMD’s “Leiomyosarcoma (Cancer in Muscles): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment” for causes; NCBI’s “Leiomyosarcoma – StatPearls” for overview; AHN’s “Leiomyosarcoma | Diagnosis, FAQs, & Care” for care; NORD’s “Leiomyosarcoma – Symptoms, Causes, Treatment” for symptoms; Macmillan’s “Leiomyosarcoma” for symptoms; Apollo Hospitals’s “Leiomyosarcoma – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment” for diagnosis; Mayo Clinic’s “Leiomyosarcoma – Symptoms and causes” for causes.